Colonoscopy
Overview
Colorectal (colon or rectum) cancer is the 3rd leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. It also is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers in the United States.
A colonoscopy is an exam of the colon and large intestine. It is done using a tool called an endoscope. Colonoscopies are often used to diagnose colorectal cancer. They are also used to diagnose other bowel disorders. An estimated 50 – 60 percent of colorectal cancer deaths could be prevented if all men and women age 45 or over were screened routinely.
Risk factors
- Age. Age is one of the biggest risk factors for colorectal cancer. 94% of new cases are in people age 45 and over.
- Race. Rates of colorectal cancer are higher in Black adults and American Indian and Alaskan Native adults.
- Sex. Men are at higher risk for colorectal cancer.
- History. People with a family history of colorectal cancer are at an increased risk.
- Other risk factors. Obesity, diabetes, long-term smoking, and alcohol use increase the risk of colorectal cancer.
More information
You can learn more about colorectal cancer screening and guidelines from the American Cancer Society.
Source: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force
PW_07-17_266
DHS_Approved_10/21/2021
Updated_10/26/2021
